◎方  名：補中益氣湯（理氣之劑）

   總  結：升陽補中

   編  號：001                                                                    

   組  成：白朮、黃耆、升麻、柴胡、人參、炙甘草、當歸、陳皮                       

   主  治：1.治煩勞內傷，身熱心煩，頭痛惡寒，懶言惡食，脈洪大而虛。               

           2.或喘或渴，或陽虛自汗，或氣虛不能攝血。                               

           3.或瘧痢脾虛，外不能愈。                                               

           4.一切清陽下陷，中氣不足之證。                                         

   加  減：(1)如血不足，加當歸。                                                  

           (2)精神短少，加人參、五味。                                            

           (3)肺熱欬嗽，去人參。                                                  

           (4)嗌干，加葛根。                                                      

           (5)頭痛，加蔓荊子； 痛甚加川芎。                                       

           (6)腦痛加本、細辛。                                                  

           (7)風濕相搏，一身盡痛，加羌活、防風。                                  

           (8)有痰、加半夏、生姜。                                                

           (9)胃寒氣滯，加青皮、蔻仁、木香、益智。                                

           (10)腹脹，加枳實、厚樸、木香、砂仁。                                   

           (11)腹痛，加白芍、甘草。                                               

           (12)熱痛，加黃連。                                                     

           (13)能食而心下痞，加黃連。                                             

           (14)咽痛，加桔梗。                                                     

           (15)有寒，加肉桂。                                                     

           (16)濕勝，加蒼朮。                                                     

           (17)陰火，加黃蘗、知母。                                               

           (18)陰虛，去升柴，加熟地、山茱、山藥。                                 

           (19)大便秘，加酒煨大黃。                                               

           (20)欬嗽，春加旋覆、款冬； 夏加麥冬、五味； 秋加麻黃、黃芩； 冬加不去根節麻黃；天寒加干姜。                                     

           (21)泄瀉，去當歸，加茯苓、蒼朮、益智。                                 

   歸  經：足太陰陽明藥也                                                         

   方  義：(1)肺者氣之本，黃耆補肺固表為君。                                      

           (2)脾者肺之本，人參、甘草，補脾益氣，和中瀉火為臣。                    

           (3)白朮燥濕強脾，當歸和血養陰為佐。                                    

           (4)升麻以升陽明清氣，柴胡以升少陽清氣，陽升則萬物生，清升則陰濁降。    

           (5)加陳皮者，以通利其氣。                                              

           (6)生姜辛溫，大棗甘寒，用以和營衛，開腠理，致津液諸虛不足。            

           (7)先建其中，中者何？脾胃是也。                                        

   變化方：(1)本方除當歸、白朮，加木香、蒼朮，名調中益氣湯，治脾胃不調，胸滿肢倦，食少短氣，口不知味，及食入反出。                          

           (2)本方加白芍、五味子，亦名調中益氣湯，治氣虛多汗，余治同前。          

           (3)本方加蒼倍分，半夏、黃芩各三分，名參朮益胃湯，治內傷勞倦，燥熱短氣，口渴無味，大便溏黃。                                      

           (4)本方去白朮，加草蔻、神曲、半夏、黃蘗，名升陽順氣湯， 治飲食勞倦所傷，滿悶短氣，不思食，不知味，時惡寒。                  

           (5)本方加紗芩、神曲，名益胃升陽湯，治婦人經水不調，或脫血后食少水瀉 。              

           (6)本方加黃蘗、生地，名補中益氣加黃蘗生地湯，治陰火乘陽，發熱晝甚， 自汗短氣，口渴無味。                                                

           (7)本方加白芍、細辛、川芎、蔓荊，名順氣和中湯，治清陽不升，頭痛惡風 ，脈弦微細。                                                          

           (8)本方加羌活、防風、細辛、川芎，名調榮養衛湯，治勞力傷寒，身痛，體 熱，惡寒，微渴，汗出 ，身痛，脈浮無力。                                 

   來  源：東垣